Maltese Breed Overview
Elegant, affectionate, and playful, the Maltese is one of the oldest toy breeds, beloved for its luxurious white coat and joyful personality. Despite its royal looks, this breed is more than happy to be a lap companion and thrives on human attention. The Maltese is well-suited for individuals, families, and seniors alike, especially those seeking a small, loyal, and intelligent companion.
Quick Facts
- Height: 7–9 inches (at the shoulder)
- Weight: Under 7 pounds (typically 4–6 pounds)
- Life Expectancy: 12–15 years
- Group: Toy Group
About the Maltese
The Maltese is an ancient breed dating back over 2,000 years. Often associated with nobility and royalty, this charming companion was a favorite among aristocrats and has been depicted in ancient art and literature. Despite its aristocratic appearance, the Maltese has always been bred primarily as a loving, indoor companion.
With their expressive dark eyes, button nose, and floor-length coat, Maltese dogs are eye-catching, but it’s their gentle temperament and affectionate nature that win hearts.
Temperament and Personality
The Maltese is:
- Affectionate – thrives on human companionship and bonding
- Playful – enjoys games and being the center of attention
- Alert – a good watchdog despite their small size
- Gentle and Friendly – generally good with children and other pets (when socialized properly)
- Adaptable – does well in apartments and homes alike
These dogs are typically quiet and easygoing but may develop separation anxiety if left alone for extended periods.
Appearance
- Coat: Long, silky, straight, and pure white
- Size: Compact and refined with a graceful gait
- Eyes: Dark, round, with black rims that give an expressive look
- Ears: Drooping and heavily feathered
- Tail: Plumed and carried gracefully over the back
While show Maltese maintain the floor-length coat, many pet owners opt for a shorter “puppy cut” for easier maintenance.
Grooming Needs
Daily grooming is essential for show coats but more relaxed for trimmed coats. Grooming requirements include:
- Brushing: Daily (or every other day) to prevent matting
- Bathing: Every 1–2 weeks
- Eye Care: Regular cleaning to avoid tear staining
- Dental Hygiene: Daily brushing recommended due to susceptibility to dental issues
- Professional Grooming: Every 4–6 weeks if kept in a shorter style
Also read: Before You Adopt a Beagle Dog, Read These Surprising Facts.
Exercise Requirements
Although small in size, Maltese dogs are energetic and enjoy activity. Their exercise needs are moderate:
- Daily Walks: 20–30 minutes
- Indoor Play: Suitable for satisfying daily activity
- Mental Stimulation: Toys, puzzles, and training games are appreciated
They do not require large yards but should not be treated as sedentary lapdogs.
Health Concerns
The Maltese is a generally healthy breed, though they may be prone to:
- Dental Disease
- Luxating Patella (kneecap dislocation)
- Collapsed Trachea
- White Dog Shaker Syndrome
- Hypoglycemia (especially in puppies)
- Eye issues (tear staining, retinal atrophy)
Recommended Health Tests (via a reputable breeder):
- Patella evaluation
- Cardiac exam
- Ophthalmologist evaluation
- Dental checkups
Training Advice
Maltese dogs are intelligent, eager to please, and respond well to positive reinforcement.
- Housebreaking: Can be a challenge—consistency is key
- Basic Commands: Easy to teach with treats and praise
- Socialization: Important early in life to prevent nervousness or barking
- Trick Training: Excellent candidates for agility or advanced tricks due to their quick minds
Avoid harsh correction, as they are sensitive and may become fearful.
Nutrition
Feed your Maltese high-quality, age-appropriate dog food. Key considerations include:
- Portion Size: Small meals 2–3 times per day to prevent hypoglycemia
- Type: Dry kibble or wet food formulated for toy breeds
- Dental Health: Dry kibble can help reduce tartar buildup
- Treats: Use sparingly, especially during training, to avoid weight gain
Always provide fresh, clean water and avoid human food unless approved by a veterinarian.
Fun Facts about the Maltese
- Maltese dogs were favored by Ancient Roman aristocrats and even Queen Elizabeth I.
- They’re one of the few breeds that remain unchanged for centuries.
- Despite their delicate appearance, they are surprisingly hardy and agile.
The Maltese is a classic toy breed known for its beauty, brains, and boundless affection. With proper care, grooming, and training, they make devoted companions for a wide variety of lifestyles. Whether curled up on your lap or prancing around the living room, the Maltese is a small dog with a big heart.